Promoting Gender Equality Through Gender-responsive Public Procurement

Abstract

This thesis explores the potential of gender-responsive public procurement (GRPP) as a strategic tool to promote gender equality and empower women-owned businesses (WOBs) across public and intergovernmental sectors. Through four interconnected studies, the research examines the evolution of gender-related themes in procurement literature, the applicability of short supply chains (SSCs) in public procurement, the role of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) in advancing GRPP, and the barriers and opportunities for WOBs in public procurement systems. Using a mixed-methods approach, including literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, and case studies, the thesis identifies systemic challenges such as limited access to resources, complex procurement processes, and sectoral segregation that hinder WOB participation. It also highlights innovative strategies like e-procurement, certification, supplier diversity programs, and goal-based approaches to foster inclusivity. Key findings reveal that while GRPP holds significant potential to address gender disparities, its implementation remains uneven, with structural barriers and fragmented policies limiting its effectiveness. The research emphasizes the importance of capacity-building initiatives, transparent procurement frameworks, and stakeholder collaboration to create an inclusive ecosystem for WOBs. By integrating gender considerations into procurement practices, the public sectors can leverage their purchasing power to advance gender equality, promote supplier diversity, and contribute to sustainable development goals. This thesis contributes to the growing body of literature on GRPP by providing actionable insights and practical recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers aiming to create equitable and inclusive procurement systems worldwide.